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Temperature effects of shape memory alloys (SMAs) in damage control design of steel portal frames

Xiaoqun LUO, Hanbin GE, Tsutomu USAMI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 348-357 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0176-4

摘要： The objective of the present study is to analytically investigate temperature effects of an axial-type seismic damper made of shape memory alloys (SMAs) equipped in steel frames. Based on a modified multilinear one dimensional constitutive model of SMAs, two types of SMAs are employed, which have different stress plateau and different stress growth rate with temperature increase. Temperature effects of SMA dampers on seismic performance upgrading are discussed in three aspects: different environment temperatures; rapid loading rate induced heat generation and different SMA fractions. The analysis indicates that the effect of environment temperature should be considered for the SMA damper in steel frames. However, the rapid loading rate induced heat generation has little adverse effect.

关键词： damage control design shape memory alloy temperature effect

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Size and shape effects of MnFeO nanoparticles as catalysts for reductive degradation of dye pollutants

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期页码 108-171 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1396-4

摘要： The magnetic nanoparticles that are easy to recycle have tremendous potential as a suitable catalyst for environmental toxic dye pollutant degradation. Rationally engineering shapes and tailoring the size of nanocatalysts are regarded as an effective manner for enhancing performances. Herein, we successfully synthesized three kinds of MnFe₂O₄ NPs with distinctive sizes and shapes as catalysts for reductive degradation of methylene blue, rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, and methylene orange. It was found that the catalytic activities were dependent on the size and shape of the MnFe₂O₄ NPs and highly related to the surface-to-volume ratio and atom arrangements. Besides, all these nanocatalysts exhibit selectivity to different organic dyes, which is beneficial for their practical application in dye pollutant treatment. Furthermore, the MnFe₂O₄ NPs could be readily recovered by a magnet and reused more than ten times without appreciable loss of activity. The size and shape effects of MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles demonstrated in this work not only accelerate further understanding the nature of nanocatalysts but also contribute to the precise design of nanoparticles catalyst for pollutant degradation.

关键词： Dye degradation MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles Size and shape-control

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Shape control of multi-cellular inflatable panels

N. KATAYAMA, K. ISHIMURA, K. MINESUGI, DANIEL J. INMAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第3期页码 276-282 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0267-5

摘要：

Multi-cellular inflatable structures are ultra-light and robust against membrane damage such as pinholes caused by space debris. Due to their robustness, inflatable structures supported by inner gases can be applied as space structures. In the present study, shape control for a simple multi-cellular inflatable panel was achieved via a novel diaphragm mechanism. When the bending actuator in a center membrane bends, the inner pressures of sub-cells become different, and the diaphragm mechanism bends as a whole. Because a sliding component is not included, this deformable system is a reliable mechanism. In addition, the proposed mechanism has higher rigidity than that of a bending actuator used alone. In the present paper, we investigate the feasibility of a novel diaphragm mechanism and its characteristics using experimental and numerical results.

关键词： Membrane structures inflatable structure shape control smart structures structural mechanics space engineering

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泰州大桥钢中塔线形控制误差调整方法

张向群,王琳,游新鹏

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第5期页码 29-32

摘要：

泰州大桥钢中塔首次采用纵向“人”字形、横向门式框架结构，采用节段预制-现场安装的方法安装钢塔。建立针对复杂钢塔的全过程施工控制体系，在制造阶段对节段形态以及制造线形进行精确测控的基础上，在安装阶段根据实际安装误差情况确定预先设置调节缝的调整量，达到对钢塔线形误差调整的目的。现场实施结果表明，泰州大桥中间钢塔的线形控制效果良好，最终线形各项精度均优于设计要求。

关键词：泰州大桥中间钢塔线形控制误差调整

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Particle size distribution and shape control of Au nanoparticles used for particle gun

S. Kida, M. Ichiji, J. Watanabe, I. Hirasawa

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 60-64 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1313-x

摘要： Au nanoparticles are expected for the media to transfer genes into plants. However, the control of particle size distribution (PSD) and shape of Au nanoparticles is too difficult to design and prepare particles with suitable quality for the gene supporting media. Reduction crystallization experiments were performed in aqueous solution in order to clarify the effect of feeding conditions such as feeding profile, feeding rate, and feeding amount on PSD and shape of Au nanoparticles. Ascorbic acid (AsA) was selected as a reducing agent because it is safe for plants. Au particles of 50 nm, 50–200 nm, and 150–400 nm were obtained in batch operation, single-jet, and double-jet, respectively. Moreover, in single-jet and double-jet, the mean size of the obtained Au particles increases with the decrease of feeding rate or the increase of feeding amount. It is concluded that PSD of Au nanoparticles can be controlled in the range of 50–400 nm by changing feeding conditions of AsA and HAuCl aqueous solution.

关键词： reduction crystallization particle size distribution gene transferring media

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板形计法的定义及实验应用

张进之,段春华,朱健勤

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第12期页码 47-51

摘要：

板形测控数学模型、解析板形刚度理论和板形板厚协调规律的综合称为板形计法。采用两种实验方式验证了板形计法的正确性和实用性，其一是通过轧铝板实验，计算轧机板形刚度和轧件板形刚度，由实测铝板凸度验证板形刚度方程；其二是由CVC板形控制热连轧机实测数据，用离线计算自适应系数的方法验证板形测控数学模型。

关键词：板形计法板形刚度方程测控数学模型后计算自适应

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Parametric study on damage control design of SMA dampers in frame-typed steel piers

Xiaoqun LUO, Hanbin GE, Tsutomu USAMI,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 384-394 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0065-7

摘要： This paper focuses on damage control design of SMA dampers in steel frame piers. A parametric study based on time history analyses is carried out on frame-typed bridge piers with axial-type SMA damping device. The parameters examined are design parameters of strength ratio and stiffness ratio . Seismic performance indexes on displacement and strain are investigated under three JRA recommended Level 2 Ground Type П strong earthquake motions. Design recommendations are suggested following the results of the parametric study.

关键词： damage control design shape memory alloy parameter study displacement-based verification strain-based verification time history analysis

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板带轧制工艺控制理论概要

张进之

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第4期页码 46-55

摘要：

以最小阻力定律、体积不变条件和秒流量相等条件为内容的经典轧制理论，经试验、演绎形成了较完整的轧制应用技术科学体系，这种体系所反映的是静态规律。在轧制理论发展中引入控制论、信息论、计算机科学等高新技术，对轧制过程进行控制。在轧制理论发展史上，弹跳方程建立之前是以力学为基础建立的经典轧制理论，之后为以力学和控制论为基础建立的基本轧制工艺控制理论。文章提出工艺控制理论概念，是在基本轧制工艺控制理论的基础上建立的新的理论体系，主要内容包括：在连轧张力理论中反映了张力的负反馈，建立了连轧张力理论体系；在厚控过程中，解决扰动的检测问题；在板形理论中，定义了对偶参数，确立了与厚控理论相似的板形理论体系。

关键词：连轧过程控制连轧张力厚度控制板形刚度轧机弹跳方程综合等储备负荷分配

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An extended thermo-mechanically coupled algorithm for simulation of superelasticity and shape memoryeffect in shape memory alloys

S. HASHEMI,H. AHMADIAN,S. MOHAMMADI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 466-477 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0300-3

摘要： Thermo-mechanical coupling in shape memory alloys is a very complicated phenomenon. The heat generation/absorption during forward/reverse transformation can lead to temperature-dependent variation of its mechanical behavior in the forms of superelasticity and shape memory effect. However, unlike the usual assumption, slow loading rate cannot guarantee an isothermal process. A two-dimensional thermo-mechanically coupled algorithm is proposed based on the original model of Lagoudas to efficiently model both superelasticity and shape memory effects and the influence of various strain rates, aspect ratios and boundary conditions. To implement the coupled model into a finite element code, a numerical staggered algorithm is employed. A number of simulations are performed to verify the proposed approach with available experimental and numerical data and to assess its efficiency in solving complex SMA problems.

关键词： shape memory alloy thermo-mechanical coupling superplasticity shape memory effect

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Pt-Ni nanourchins as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

Qiaowan CHANG, Yuan XU, Shangqian ZHU, Fei XIAO, Minhua SHAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 254-259 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0493-3

摘要： Pt-Ni bimetallic alloys with various nanostructures have shown excellent activity toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The ORR activity is highly dependent on the structure of the catalyst. In this paper, Pt-Ni nanourchins were synthesized with an average size of 50 nm consisting of 10–20 nanorods and nanooctahedra by adjusting the synthesis condition. The formation of Pt-Ni nanourchins is mainly dependent on the adding order of solvents (benzyl ether, oleylamine and oleic acid). Pt-Ni nanourchins present a reasonable high ORR activity (0.81 A/mg at 0.9 V).

关键词： Pt-Ni alloys nanourchins oxygen reduction reaction shape control fuel cells

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A novel shape memory alloy actuated soft gripper imitated hand behavior

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0700-8

摘要： The limited length shrinkage of shape memory alloy (SMA) wire seriously limits the motion range of SMA-based gripper. In this paper, a new soft finger without silicone gel was designed based on pre bent SMA wire, and the finger was back to its original shape by heating SMA wire, rather than relying only on heat exchange with the environment. Through imitating palm movement, a structure with adjustable spacing between fingers was made using SMA spring and rigid spring. The hook structure design at the fingertip can form self-locking to further improve the load capacity of gripper. Through the long thin rod model, the relationship of the initial pre bent angle on the bending angle and output force of the finger was analyzed. The stress-strain model of SMA spring was established for the selection of rigid spring. Three grasping modes were proposed to adapt to the weight of the objects. Through the test of the gripper, it was proved that the gripper had large bending amplitude, bending force, and response rate. The design provides a new idea for the lightweight design and convenient design of soft gripper based on SMA.

关键词： shape memory alloy (SMA) pre bent wire gripper grasping mode lightweight

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动态设定型板形板厚自动控制系统

张进之,段春华

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第6期页码 67-72

摘要：

文章介绍了应用解析板形方程推出板形最佳轧制规程和板形板厚协调控制新方法。该方法的主要特点：系统中采用了静、动态负荷分配，动态设定厚度自动控制系统（DAGC）完成了板形板厚的闭环控制，在算法中采用了贝尔曼动态规划。新方法将会改变目前轧机设计和控制思想：设计合理刚度，强调调度计划、配置轧辊凸度和优化轧制规程等方面的作用，实现信息控制。

关键词：动态负荷分配板形最佳规程动态规划动态设定

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A fully solid-state cold thermal energy storage device for car seats using shape-memory alloys

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 504-515 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0855-3

摘要： Thermal energy storage has been a pivotal technology to fill the gap between energy demands and energy supplies. As a solid-solid phase change material, shape-memory alloys (SMAs) have the inherent advantages of leakage free, no encapsulation, negligible volume variation, as well as superior energy storage properties such as high thermal conductivity (compared with ice and paraffin) and volumetric energy density, making them excellent thermal energy storage materials. Considering these characteristics, the design of the shape-memory alloy based the cold thermal energy storage system for precooling car seat application is introduced in this paper based on the proposed shape-memory alloy-based cold thermal energy storage cycle. The simulation results show that the minimum temperature of the metal boss under the seat reaches 26.2 °C at 9.85 s, which is reduced by 9.8 °C, and the energy storage efficiency of the device is 66%. The influence of initial temperature, elastocaloric materials, and the shape-memory alloy geometry scheme on the performance of car seat cold thermal energy storage devices is also discussed. Since SMAs are both solid-state refrigerants and thermal energy storage materials, hopefully the proposed concept can promote the development of more promising shape-memory alloy-based cold and hot thermal energy storage devices.

关键词： shape-memory alloy (SMA) elastocaloric effect (eCE) cooled seat cold thermal energy storage

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Calculation method on shape finding of self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables

Yan HAN, Zhengqing CHEN, Shidong LUO, Shankui YANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 165-172 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0021-6

摘要： Based on the spatial model, a reliable and accurate calculation method on the shape finding of self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables was studied in this paper. On the principle that the shape of the main cables between hangers is catenary, the iteration method of calculating the shapes of the spatial main cables under the load of hanger forces was deduced. The reasonable position of the saddle was determined according to the shape and the theoretical joint point of the main cables. The shapes of the main cables at completed cable stage were calculated based on the unchanging principle of the zero-stress lengths of the main cables. By using a numerical method combining with the finite element method, one self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables was analyzed. The zero-stress length of the main cables, the position of the saddle, and the pre-offsetting of the saddle of the self-anchored suspension bridge were given. The reasonable shapes of the main cables at bridge completion stage and completed cable stage were presented. The results show that the shape-finding calculation method is effective and reliable.

关键词： bridge engineering self-anchored suspension bridges special cables shape-finding calculation method

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300m 级特高拱坝建设关键技术与实践

王仁坤

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 350-359 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.012

摘要：

中国于2000 年成功建设二滩拱坝( 高240 m）以来，至2014 年年底已建成7 座坝高超过200 m 的特高拱坝，其中锦屏一级拱坝（高305 m）、小湾拱坝（高294.5 m）、溪洛渡拱坝（高285.5 m）不仅坝高达300 m 级，而且因地质条件复杂，水推力巨大，抗震要求高，在安全控制技术等方面取得了新的突破。本文主要阐述300 m 级特高拱坝的基础可利用岩体及合理建基面、体形优化设计、安全设计准则、抗震研究与抗震措施、复杂地基的典型处理、混凝土及施工期温控防裂等关键技术。

关键词：特高拱坝优化设计整体安全抗震安全混凝土温控